Surveillance of Drinking Water Quality for Safe Water Supply—A Case Study from Shillong, India (Water Resource Manag)
(S. N. Pimpalkar, P.K. Labhasetwar,,,3321–3342, Year: 2012)
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To ascertain the quality of drinking water being supplied and maintained, it is necessary to conduct water quality surveillance for evolving suitable strategy for future planning. In the present investigation, water quality was monitored in treatment plants, service reservoirs, and at consumer ends in three seasons to assess the baseline water quality status at Shillong in Meghalaya. There are three water treatment plants at Shillong namely Umkhen, Mawlai and GSWS with design capacities of 1.5, 3.4 and 34 Million liter per day (MLD) respectively. Each treatment plant is having rapid sand filtration followed by disinfection. The study reveals that the physico-chemical parameters of water quality at consumer end meets Indian drinking water quality standards (BIS 1991) after conventional treatment followed by disinfection, whereas the bacteriological parameters for raw water sources exceed the permissible limit indicating the treatment need for drinking purposes. Throughout year the average feacal coliform contamination at service reservoir and to consumer end were found as 44 to 156 CFU/100 ml which may be attributed to the general management practices for maintenance of service reservoirs and the possibility of en route contamination.
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Change in drinking water quality from source to point of-use and storage: a case study from Guwahati, India ( Environment Monitoring and Assessment)
(,,, 5343-5361, Year: 2012)
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To ascertain the quality of drinking water being supplied and maintained at Guwahati, the study was conducted on the status of water supply in city through surveillance of drinking water quality for consecutive 7 days at various treatment stages, distribution network and consumer ends. The performance of five water treatment plants (WTPs), viz. Panbazar WTP, Satpukhuri WTP, Kamakhya WTP, PHED WTP and Hegrabari WTP were assessed for summer, piost-post-monsoon and winter seasons. No significant change in raw water quality was observed on day-to-day basis. Residual chlorine was found in the range of nil to 0.2 mg/L in the treated water. During post-monsoon, winter, and summer seasons the thermotolerent TC and FC counts ranged between Nil to 168 CFU/100 ml and Nil to 84 CFU/100 ml; Nil to 3356 CFU/100 ml and Nil to 152 CFU/100 ml; and Nil to 960 CFU/100 ml and Nil to 108 CFU/100 ml respectively. There was variation in bacterial counts among the different service reservoirs and consumer ends, which may be attributed to the general management practices for maintenance of service reservoirs and the possibility of enroute contamination. Evaluation of the raw water quality indicate that the water is suitable for drinking after conventional treatment followed by disinfection. The finished water quality meets the level of standards described as per Bureau of Indian Standard specifications (BIS:10500 1991) for potability in terms of its physico-chemical characteristics.
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Efficient removal of Brilliant Blue G (BBG) from aqueous solutions by marine Aspergillus wentii: Kinetics, equilibrium and process design (Ecological Engineering)
(Yasmin Khambhaty, Kalpana Mody,,, 74-83, Year: 2012)
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The sorption of Brilliant Blue G (BBG) by dead biomass of marine fungus Aspergillus wentii, which was chemically modified by esterification of the carboxylic acids (CB), or methylation of amine (NB), or raw biomass (RB) was studied with variation in the parameters of contact time (0–80 min), initial concentration of dye (119.3–544.8 mg/L) and solution pH (2–10). The contact time necessary to reach equilibrium was 180 min. The BBG biosorption was strictly pH dependent, and maximum uptake capacity of all three biosorbents was observed at initial pH 2. The biosorption isotherm data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm and the monolayer sorption capacity was found to be 384.6, 370.4 and 312.5 mg/g for CB, NB and RB, respectively. For each biosorbent-dye system, kinetic models were applied to the experimental data to examine the mechanisms of sorption and potential rate-controlling steps. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model described the biosorption kinetics accurately and the sorption process was found to be controlled by pore and surface diffusion. From the design of a single-batch biosorber it is predicted that the biosorbent, CB will require 20% less of the sorbent to treat certain volumes of wastewater containing 500 mg/L of BBG when compared with the unmodified biosorbent (RB).
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Deciphering unknown proteins in Human Herpes Viruses (CiiT International Journal of Automation and Autonomous System)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Diversity of Birds in Some Ecological Niches of Western Ghats in Maharashtra (Research & Reviews in Biosciences)
(S. S. Bopinwar, D. B. Meshram, M.T. Bharati, W. N. Paunikar, T. K.Ghosh,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Study of prophages in Lactobacillus species (CiiT International Journal of Automation and Autonomous System)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Yersinia Phages and their Novel Proteins (CiiT International Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Engineering)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Understanding Mycobacteriophages through their unrevealed proteins (CiiT International Journal of Fuzzy Systems)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar ,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Molecular evidence for the non-monophyly of Asian natricid genus Xenochrophis (Serpentis, Colubroidea) as inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear genes. (Journal of Herpetology)
(B., Meganathan, P. R., Vidal, N., Haque.I,,, 263-268, Year: 2012)
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Unresolved phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily Natricinae continue to exist, including the position of the genus Xenochrophis. In the present study, two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b, 12S rRNA) and one nuclear gene (c-mos) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships among the members of Natricinae, with a special emphasis on the position of the genus Xenochrophis. Two statistical methods, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference, were used for phylogenetic reconstruction. Both the mitochondrial and nuclear datasets produced sufficiently resolved and congruent topologies. Our findings placed the genus Xenochrophis within Natricinae consistently with strong nodal support. Findings also revealed a close association between two Indian natricid snakes, Xenochrophis piscator and Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri. However Xenochrophis vittatus, from Indonesia, does not cluster with the remaining species of Xenochrophis, suggesting a nonmonophyly of this genus. Overall Natricinae was found to be monophyletic because the two genera, Psammodynastes pulverulentus and Amplorhinus multimaculatus, are now known to be members of the Lamprophiidae. This study also finds a close relationship between the endemic species Lycognathophis seychellensis with the African natricids.
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Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the endangered Indian snake, Python molurus molurus (Molecular Biology Reports)
(B., Meganathan, P. R., Haque.I,,,7403-7412, Year: 2012)
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This paper reports the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of an endangered Indian snake, Python molurus molurus (Indian Rock Python). A typical snake mitochondrial (mt) genome of 17258 bp length comprising of 37 genes including the 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes along with duplicate control regions is described herein. The P. molurus molurus mt. genome is relatively similar to other snake mt. genomes with respect to gene arrangement, composition, tRNA structures and skews of AT/GC bases. The nucleotide composition of the genome shows that there are more A-C % than T-G% on the positive strand as revealed by positive AT and CG skews. Comparison of individual protein coding genes, with other snake genomes suggests that ATP8 and NADH3 genes have high divergence rates. Codon usage analysis reveals a preference of NNC codons over NNG codons in the mt. genome of P. molurus. Also, the synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates (ka/ks) suggest that most of the protein coding genes are under purifying selection pressure. The phylogenetic analyses involving the concatenated 13 protein coding genes of P. molurus molurus conformed to the previously established snake phylogeny.
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Deciphering unknown proteins in Human Herpes Viruses (CiiT International Journal of Automation and Autonomous System)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Complete mitochondrial genome sequences of three bats species and whole genome mitochondrial analyses reveal patterns of codon bias and lend support to a basal split in Chiroptera (GENE)
(Meganathan. P. R., Pagan, H. J. T., McCulloch, E. S., Stevens, R.D, Ray, D.A. ,,,121-129, Year: 2012)
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Order Chiroptera is a unique group of mammals whose members have attained self-powered flight as their main mode of locomotion. Much speculation persists regarding bat evolution; however, lack of sufficient molecular data hampers evolutionary and conservation studies. Of ~1200 species, complete mitochondrial genome sequences are available for only eleven. Additional sequences should be generated if we are to resolve many questions concerning these fascinating mammals. Herein, we describe the complete mitochondrial genomes of three bats: Corynorhinus rafinesquii, Lasiurus borealis and Artibeus lituratus. We also compare the currently available mitochondrial genomes and analyze codon usage in Chiroptera. C. rafinesquii, L. borealis and A. lituratus mitochondrial genomes are 16438 bp, 17048 bp and 16709 bp, respectively. Genome organization and gene arrangements are similar to other bats. Phylogenetic analyses using complete mitochondrial genome sequences support previously established phylogenetic relationships and suggest utility in future studies focusing on the evolutionary aspects of these species. Comprehensive analyses of available bat mitochondrial genomes reveal distinct nucleotide patterns and synonymous codon preferences corresponding to different chiropteran families. These patterns suggest that mutational and selection forces are acting to different extents within Chiroptera and shape their mitochondrial genomes.
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Quantification of ceftriaxone sodium in pharmaceutical preparations by a new validated microbiological bioassay (Analytical Methods (Royal Society of Chemistry, UK))
(Nishant Dafale, Uttam Semawl, Piyush Agarwal, Pradeep Sharma, G. N. Singh
,4,,2490-2498, Year: 2012)
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Ceftriaxone is a broad spectrum antibiotic which belongs to the third generation of cephalosporin group. A simple, accurate, precise, reproducible and cost effective one level agar diffusion (5 + 1) bioassay was developed and validated for the estimation of potency and bioactivity of ceftriaxone sodium in pharmaceutical preparations. Among 15 strains of bacteria and 3 strains of fungi, Kocuria rhizophila ATCC-9341 was selected as the most effective organism against ceftriaxone sodium. Optimization of the bioassay was performed by investigating several factors such as buffer pH, inoculums concentration and standard solution concentration. The developed method was successfully validated with respect to linearity, precision and accuracy. The mean potency recovery value for ceftriaxone sodium in commercial dry powder injection of Monocef was 100.44%. An evaluated validation method showed linearity (r2 ¼ 0.986), precision (interday R.S.D ¼ 1.03%, between analyst R.S.D ¼ 1.00%) and accuracy 101.17% (R.S.D ¼ 0.80%). Identification of Monocef was performed by FTIR spectroscopy. The potency of the microbial bioassay was correlated with the HPLC method using the same commercial sample (Monocef). The obtained percent potency was 101.39% by the HPLC method. Results show that the bioassay can be applicable for quantitative determination of the potency with bioactivity in commercial formulations of ceftriaxone sodium.
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Validation of computational approach to study monomer selectivity towards the template Gallic acid for rational molecularly imprinted polymer design (Journal of molecular Modelling.)
(Sushma Pardeshi, Rajendra Patrikar, Rita Dhodapkar and Anupama Kumar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Indoor air quality in offices and residences in urban areas of India-Mumbai and Kolkata (Journal of Chemical & Environmental Research)
(Majumdar Dipanjali, Chakraborti Rajat and Srivastava Anjali,Vol.16(3),,p 74-78, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Geostatistical assessment of nitrate in groundwater of Puri city, India (Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering)
(K. Narendra Varma, Ritesh Vijay R. A. Sohony ,,54,2,227-233, Year: 2012)
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Groundwater quality is a major concern for assuring safe public health in terms of nitrate concentration. The objective of study was precise modeling of spatial variation of nitrate in groundwater using geostatistical analysis. To account for the uncertainty of the prediction, Kriging interpolation method was applied. The best Kriging method and semivariogram model were identified with optimum values of parameters to model the nitrate variation in groundwater. Accuracy of model was checked by error gauges and consistency of ground truth values with predicted values. Finally prediction and error maps of nitrate in groundwater were generated using Ordinary Kriging. The study reflects the importance of quality data and significance of geostatistical analysis f
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Use of Electrolytic Process in Water and Wastewater Treatment (Journal of Indian Water Works Association)
( Mr. Subhash Andey, Prof. Vasant Mhaisalkar and Mr. Prakash Kelkar,,,, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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N-doped mesoporous alumina for adsorption of carbon dioxide (Journal of Environmental Sciences )
(JA Thote, RV Chatti, KS Iyer, V Kumar, AN Valechha, NK Labhsetwar,24 (11), ,,1979-1984, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexane over Ag-M/ACC catalysts for hydrogen supply (International journal of hydrogen energy)
(JV Pande, A Shukla, RB Biniwale,37 8,,6756-6763, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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Dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane over Pt/V 2 O 5 and Pt/Y 2 O 3 for hydrogen delivery applications (International journal of hydrogen energy)
(A Shukla, JV Pande, RB Biniwale,37 (4),,3350-3357, Year: 2012)
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No information is available
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