Assessment of Ground Water Quality in Umaria District, Vindhya Pradesh, India (Journal of Applicable Chemistry)
(Tripathi, I.P., Arvind P. D and M. Suresh Kumar
,Vol:3 (2),,798-811., Year: 2014)
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The Physico-chemical analysis of ground water samples from eight hand pumps in 3 tehsil, 2 crop field and 3 village place of the Umaria district under Vindhya Pradesh, M.P. India results indicated that during the seasons (rainy, winter and summer). The samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, sulphate, phosphate and heavy metals. The ground water samples from all the location in the Umaria District are found to be within the prescribed limits as physico-chemical characteristics are concerned except sulphates concentration. The content of Cd and Cu in the analyzed water samples were below the permissible limit set by BIS (1992) as 1.5 and 0.01 mg L-1 The mean values of each parameters together with its standard deviation (SD) and coefficient variation (CV) were calculated. The present study deals with the various relationship derived statistically by calculation 'r' and 't' among the physico-chemical parameters.
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A multifunctional composite of an antibacterial higher-valent silver metallo pharmaceutical and a potent wound healing polypeptide: a combined killing and healing a combined killing and healing approach to wound care (New Journal of Chemistry)
(Sukdeb Pal, Yu Kyung Tak, Eunyoung Han, Sabarinathan Rangasamy, Joon Myong Song,volume 38(8),3.269,page 3889-3898, Year: 2014)
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No information is available
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Concentration of Cr,Pb, Ni, Cu and Fe in soil of Umaria District, Vindhya Platue,India (Research Analysis and Evaluation Journal)
(Tripathi, I.P., Kumar M. Suresh and Dwivedi, A.P.,Vol:5(52) ,,28-32., Year: 2014)
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The pollution of soil is a source of danger to the health of people, even to those living in district. Soil samples collected from eight different locations and analyzed for the physical properties, chemical properties and heavy metals contents in it. The aims of this study were to determine the content of chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Cupper (Cu) and Iron (Fe) in eight samples from Umaria district Vindhya Platue. Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu and Iron are below the SQGL value during all the season.
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Effect of some polymerization methods on the imprinting performance of molecularly imprinted polymers for molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction application (Journal of the Chinese Advanced Materials Society)
(,volume 1(1),,page 57-69, Year: 2014)
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No information is available
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The applicability of oxidative stress biomarkers in assessing chromium induced toxicity in the fish, Labeo rohita (Biomed. Res. International)
(Kanchan Kumari,Vol. 2014 ,,, Year: 2014)
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The evaluation of metal’s toxicity in freshwater is one of the imperative areas of research and there is an emergent concern on the development of techniques for detecting toxic effects in aquatic animals. Oxidative stress biomarkers are very useful in assessing the health of aquatic life and more in depth studies are necessary to establish an exact cause effect relationship. Therefore, to study the effectiveness of this approach, a laboratory study was conducted in the fish Labeo rohita as a function of hexavalent chromium and the toxicity indices using a battery of oxidative stress biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) in the liver, muscle, gills, and brain have been studied along with biometric parameters, behavioral changes, and Cr bioaccumulation. A significant increased HSI was observed in contrast to CF which reduced significantly. SOD, CAT, and GR activity increased significantly in all the tissues of treated fishes. The bioaccumulation of Cr was highest in liver followed by gills, muscle, and brain. This study highlights the significance of using a set of integrated biomarker and advocate to include these parameters in National Water Quality Monitoring Program in areas potentially polluted with metals to assess the health of the ecosystem.
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Investigation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in old consumer products in India (Env. Monitoring and Assessment)
(Kanchan Kumari,186(5),,3001-9, Year: 2014)
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) used extensively over the past 3 decades as flame retardants in most types of polymers, all over the world, have been identified as global pollutants. PBDEs pose various health problems such as thyroid hormone disruption, permanent learning and memory impairment, behavioral changes, hearing deficits, delayed puberty onset, fetal malformations, and possibly cancer. Many measurements of PBDEs in various matrices from Sweden, Holland, Japan, the USA, and elsewhere have been reported, but few measurements are available for India. In this study, a preliminary screening of different congeners of PBDEs has been performed in different old electronic and consumer products with an objective to build capacity in order to analyze PBDEs and BFRs. Six different samples, foam from upholstery, motherboard of a computer, children toy composite sample, old vanishing window blind sample, electrical wire sample, and PVC flooring sample, were collected and analyzed for the presence of the following PBDE congeners: BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154, BDE-183, and BDE-209. It was found that three out of six samples were positive for the presence of PBDEs. Three congeners were detected in the samples, i.e., BDE-47, BDE-153, and BDE-209, of which, highest concentration was of BDE-209. Among the samples, motherboard of computer showed the highest concentration of BDE-209 followed by window blind and foam from upholstery. The results of this preliminary investigation indicate that PBDEs are still present in the old consumer products which can be an important additional source of exposure to the population.
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Comparison of pesticide residues in surface water and ground water of agriculture intensive areas (Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
(Summaiya Z Lari, Noor A Khan, Kavita N Gandhi, Tejal S Meshram and Neeta P Thacker,Vol. 12:11,,, Year: 2014)
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The organochlorines (OClPs) and organophosphates (OPPs) pesticides in surface and ground water having intensive agriculture activity were investigated to evaluate their potential pollution and risks on human health. As per USEPA 8081 B method, liquid-liquid extraction followed by Gas-Chromatographic technique with electron capture detector and mass selective detector (GC-MS) were used for monitoring of pesticides. Among organochlorines, α,β,γ,δ HCH’s, aldrin, dicofol, DDT and its derivatives, α,β endosulphan’s and endosulphan-sulphate were analysed; dichlorovos, ethion, parathion-methyl, phorate, chlorpyrifos and profenofos were determined among organophosphates. As compared to ground water, higher concentrations of OClPs and OPPs were found in surface water. Throughout the monitoring study, α - HCH (0.39 μg/L in Amravati region),α - endosulphan (0.78 μg/L in Yavatmal region), chlorpyrifos (0.25 μg/L in Bhandara region) and parathion-methyl (0.09 μg/L in Amravati region) are frequently found pesticide in ground water, whereas α,β,γ-HCH (0.39 μg/L in Amravati region), α,β - endosulphan (0.42 μg/L in Amravati region), dichlorovos (0.25 μg/L in Yavatmal region), parathion-methyl (0.42 μg/L in Bhandara region), phorate (0.33 μg/L in Yavatmal region) were found in surface water. Surface water was found to be more contaminated than ground water with more number of and more concentrated pesticides. Among pesticides water samples are found to be more contaminated by organophosphate than organochlorine. Pesticides in the surface water samples from Bhandara and Yavatmal region exceeded the EU (European Union) limit of 1.0 μg/L (sum of pesticide levels in surface water) but were within the WHO guidelines for individual pesticides.
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Reaction mechanisms and rate constants of waste degradation in landfill bioreactor systems with enzymatic-enhancement. (Bioresource Technology)
(Jayasinghe,P.A., Hettiaratchi, J.P.A.,Mehrotra, A.K.,&Kumar,162,,279-282, Year: 2014)
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Augmenting leachate before recirculation with peroxidase enzymes is a novel method to increase the available carbon, and therefore the food supply to microorganisms at the declining phase of the anaerobic landfill bioreactor operation. In order to optimize the enzyme-catalyzed leachate recirculation process, it is necessary to identify the reaction mechanisms and determine rate constants. This paper presents a kinetic model developed to ascertain the reaction mechanisms and determine the rate constants for enzyme catalyzed anaerobic waste degradation. The maximum rate of reaction Vmax for MnP enzyme-catalyzed reactors was 0.076 gTOC/gDS.day. The catalytic turnover number kcat of the MnP enzyme-catalyzed was 506.7 per day while the rate constant k of the un-catalyzed reaction was 0.012 per day.
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Waste degradation and gas production with enzymatic enhancement in anaerobic and aerobic landfill bioreactors (Bioresource Technology)
(Hettiaratchi, J.P.A.,Jayasinghe,P.A., Bartholomeuz, E.M., &Kumar, S,159, 433-436.,,, Year: 2014)
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The presence of lignin is the limiting factor at later stages of biodegradation of municipal solid waste under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Supplying enzymes into the system could facilitate lignin degradation, thereby aiding anaerobic and aerobic waste degradation processes. A comprehensive set of laboratory experiments were conducted under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions to evaluate the feasibility of using enzymes in accelerating lignin-rich waste degradation. After 30 days of anaerobic operation, MnP and LiP enzyme treated reactors produced 36 and 23 times higher cumulative methane (CH4), respectively, compared to that of the control reactor devoid of enzyme treatments. The carbon dioxide (CO2) yield of MnP enhanced aerobic reactor showed more than two-fold increase.
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Municipal solid waste: zero tolerance management strategy (International Journal of Environmental Technology, and Management)
(Goyal, D., Kumar, S.,&Sil, A., ,17,,113-121, Year: 2014)
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No information is available
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Formulating LandGem model for estimation for estimation of landfill gas under Indian scenario (International Journal of Environmental Technology, and Management)
(Sil, A., Kumar, S.,& Kumar, R. ,17, ,,293-299., Year: 2014)
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No information is available
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Artificial neural network modelling in biological removal of organic carbon and nitrogen for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater in a batch reactor (Environmental Technology)
(Kundu, P., Debsarkar, A., Mukherjee, S.N.,&Kumar, S. ,35,,1296-1306, Year: 2014)
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No information is available
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Kinetic evaluation of chromium VI sorption by water lettuce Pistia. (Water Science and Technology)
(Chakraborty, R., Karmakar, S., Mukherjee, S.N.,&Kumar, S. ,69,,195-201, Year: 2014)
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An investigation was performed to evaluate the uptake capacity of Pistia in living condition for adsorptive removal of chromium(VI) from spiked solution for examining a remedial measure for disposal of chrome-laden wastewater in an urban wetland system. Kinetics results show about 78% removal was achieved for 3 mg/L initial concentration of Cr(VI). Experimental data showed that the root portion absorbed more Cr(VI) (28.54 g/g) compared to accumulation in leaf (5.73 g/g). It was also noted that the plant could effectively remove Cr(VI) from the solution with minor damage up to an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 3 mg/L, for which the adsorption isotherm studies were conducted. The maximum uptake capacity of the plant was recorded as 0.05 mg/g of Cr(VI) at the equilibrium level after a contact period of 7 days for an initial concentration of 8 mg /L, although severe physiological damage occurred. The experimental results were plotted in Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and both were found to be well fitted (r2 0.979 and r2 ? 0.974 respectively). The high value of n (2.16) reveals a strong bond between the plant root and dissolved Cr(VI), which favours the adsorption process. The order of the reaction was also examined on the basis of uptake capacity and it was found that the second order model fitted best.
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Screening of few aquatic floating plants for chromium phytoremediation (Journal of Environmental Technology, and Management)
(Chakraborty, R.,Mukherjee, S.N.,&Kumar, S. ,17,,191-198, Year: 2014)
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Phytoremediation process using hydrophytes emerges as an attractive scientific and engineering tool for the attenuation of metal pollution in the aquatic environment particularly in secondary and tertiary levels of wastewater treatment. The selection of appropriate plants on the basis of maximum uptake potential for engineering application of the process is the key factor .The present study deals with the use of four numbers of aquatic plants viz. Pistia, Salvinia, Spirodela and Lemna to assess their relative adsorptive efficiencies for chromium (VI) removal from synthetic solution. The plants were hydroponically cultured in Hoagland solution and grown in conjunction with chromium (VI) spiked solution. All the plants exhibited the ability to tolerate and uptake chromium. The kinetic data showed their uptake capacity in the order viz. Pistia > Salvinia > Spirodela > Lemna. For an initial concentration of 2 mg/L, Pistia could effectively sorbed 0.0457 mg of Cr(VI) /g of biomass with 68.5% Cr(VI) removal efficiency as compared to Lemna which could least achieve a minimum uptake of 0.0307 mg/g of biomass with 46% removal after 7 days of exposure
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Development of correction factors for landfill gas emission model suiting Indian condition to predict methane emission from landfills (Bioresource Technology)
(Sil, A., Kumar, S.,&Wong, J.W.C.,168,,97-99, Year: 2014)
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Methane emission from landfill gas emission (LandGEM) model was validated through the results of laboratory scale biochemical methane potential assay. Results showed that LandGEM model over estimates methane (CH4) emissions; and the true CH4 potential of waste depends on the level of segregation. Based on these findings, correction factors were developed to estimate CH4 emission using LandGEM model especially where the level of segregation is negligible or does not exist. The correction factors obtained from the study were 0.94, 0.13 and 0.74 for food waste, mixed un-segregated municipal solid waste (MSW) and vegetable wastes, respectively.
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Frequency and genotype distribution of ABCB1 gene polymorphisms among Maharashtrian population of Central India (Xenobiotica)
(Pramanik S, Surendran ST, Devi S, Krishnamurthi K, Chakrabarti T Corresponding Author,446,,579-582, Year: 2014)
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- Apart from conferring multidrug resistance to cancer cells, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by the gene ABCB1 (also, known as Multidrug resistance gene, MDR1), plays a major role in drug disposition. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ABCB1 gene might contribute to inter-individual and ethnic differences in drug disposition and thereby, could influence the outcome and prognosis of certain diseases.
- India is one of the most ethnically and genetically diverse regions of the world. This study was undertaken with a view to determine the allele and genotype frequencies of C3435T and C1236T polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene among the Maharashtrian population, residing in the Vidarbha region of central India and compare them with HapMap and other Indian populations. The common synonymous C3435T polymorphism has been found to be associated with lower P-gp functional expression and drug uptake, alone or in conjunction with a few other linked SNPs like C1236T.
- The genotypes of C3435T and C1236T SNPs were determined by PCR-RFLP in 222 healthy and unrelated Maharashtrian individuals.
- According to the findings of this study, the Maharashtrians were found to be not significantly different from the Gujarati Indians in Houston, Texas in the HapMap database.
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Prevalence of formaldehyde in indoor air of gross anatomy laboratory and cadaver storage room of a medical college (Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science)
(Shailesh Gahukar, Ujwala Ramteke, Deepanjan Majumdar,
Raman Malviya, Dinkar Patil, Jitendra Trivedi, Chalapati Rao,
Ashok H. Kale,,,181-185, Year: 2014)
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Concentration of formaldehyde (FA) which is used to preserve cadavers for dissection in medical colleges was monitored in indoor air including at the breathing level in dissection classes during a 2-week study in a gross anatomy laboratory and also in the cadaver storage room in a Medical College in India in 2012. Materials and Air samples were collected for 30 min and 3 h to commensurate with World Health Organization (WHO) standard (short-term exposure limit) value of FA (30-min) and dissection class of 3 h duration respectively. FA concentration ranged from 0.11 to 1.07 mg/m3 in the cadaver storage room and 0.06-1.12 mg/m3 in the gross anatomy laboratory. In samples taken at 5 ft height at the breathing level, FA concentration ranged from 0.32 to 0.86 mg/m3. Conclusions: Most of the observed FA levels were found to be above the prescribed FA guideline values laid down by organizations such as OSHA, ACGIH, WHO, Japan Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare and, therefore, could be considered as harmful for students’ and teachers’ health. FA concentrations reported from a few medical facilities in other countries are comparable, implying that some uniform management and control strategies for FA could be contemplated to reduce risks of FA exposure to students and teachers which are discussed in this paper
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Distribution of ozone over urban Kolkata: observed vs UAM-V prediction (Journal of Ozone Science and Engineering)
(A. Talapatra, D. Majumdar and Anjali Srivastava,36(2),,181-190, Year: 2014)
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Vehicular pollution, emissions due to burning of fossil fuel from industries and nonpoint sources in Kolkata are major sources of air pollution characterized by oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These pollutants are also responsible for the secondary ozone formation based on their reactivities. In the present study ozone has been monitored hourly every month in residential, industrial, traffic intersections, and petrol pumps in the urban area of Kolkata along with eight hourly nonoxygenated VOCs,carbonyls and NOx. Urban Airshed Model (UAM-V) has been used to simulate ozone on January 14, 2008 in Kolkata’s urban Area. Results of predicted ground level ozone have been in agreement with observed ozone concentrations.
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Emission, speciation, and evaluation of impacts of non-methane volatile organic compounds from open dump site (Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association)
(D Majumdar, S Ray, S Chakraborty, PS Rao, AB Akolkar, M Chowdhury, A Srivastava. ,64 7,,834-845, Year: 2014)
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Surface emission from Dhapa, the only garbage disposal ground in Kolkata, is a matter of concern to the local environment and also fuels the issues of occupational and environmental health. Surface emission of the Dhapa landfill site was studied using a flux chamber measurement for nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs). Eighteen noncarbonyl volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and 14 carbonyl VOCs, including suspected and known carcinogens, were found in appreciable concentrations. The concentrations of the target species in the flux chamber were found to be significantly higher for most of the species in summer than winter. Surface emission rate of landfill gas was estimated by using two different approaches to assess the applicability for an open landfill site. It was found that the emissions predicted using the model Land GEM version 3.02 is one to two orders less than the emission rate calculated from flux chamber measurement for the target species. Tropospheric ozone formation has a serious impact for NMVOC emission. The total ozone-forming potential (OFP) of the Dhapa dumping ground considering all target NMVOCs was estimated to be 4.9Eþ04 and 1.2Eþ05 g/day in winter and summer, respectively. Also, it was found that carbonyl VOCs play a more important role than noncarbonyl VOCs for tropospheric ozone formation. Cumulative cancer risk estimated for all the carcinogenic species was found to be 2792 for 1 million population, while the total noncancer hazard index (HI) was estimated to be 246 for the occupational exposure to different compounds from surface emission to the dump-site workers at Dhapa.
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Evaluation of Surface And Groundwater Quality In Kymore Area, Katni, M.P., India In: Technologies for Sustainable Rural Development having Potential of socio-economic upliftment. Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (" Technologies for Sustainable Rural Development having Potential of socio-economic upliftment")
(J. P. Shukla, Raghuvanshi Ram, E. Peters, and R. N. Yadava,350-363,,350-363, Year: 2014)
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"The present work encompasses the geo chemical studies of groundwater occuring in limestone terrain around ACC Ltd. Kymore, Katni. The study is based on chemical analysis and interpretation of samples collected from respective localities. The results are presented in terms of their specific use for drinking purposes. It has been observed that the chemical analysis carried out during the study period (Aplil, 2001 - December 2002) for various physico-chemical characteristics indicate in general the surface water and ground water quality of the study area is quite normal as per BIS and WHO norms. In certain cases, local anomalies in some elements are observed. It is also observed that the hardness of water is slightly high at some villages due to the limestone as aquifier but it is well within the standard limits of drinking water. The influence could be attributed to the geological and hydro-geological control of the quifer system on the qater quality with specific reference to the limestone/shale formation."
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