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3D printing of high surface area ceramic honeycombs substrates and comparative evaluation for treatment of sewage in Phytorid application(Journal of Water Process Engineering)
(Papiya Biswas,Sirisala Mamatha, Kezil Varghesea, Roy Johnsona, Ritesh Vijay, Rakesh Kumar,Vol 37 ,,101503 ,Year : 2020)
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Substrates properties play an important role in immobilization of bio-organisms and hence in optimizing design of the bioreactor to maximize the performance. Highly flexible 3D printing process based on virtual Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used for producing honeycomb substrates with desired properties. Clay based honeycomb with square, triangular and hexagonal configurations are 3D printed in order to achieve substrates with pre-designed geometrical surface areas. Laboratory reactors were fabricated with engineered properties using 3D printed honeycombs and a combination of honeycombs and commonly used stones for performance evaluation. Additionally, reactor based on commonly used gravel stones also fabricated for sake of comparison of performance. In order to elucidate the performance, sewage mix was fed into the reactors and the space velocity of all the three reactors were maintained at 0.041 h?1. The sewage before and after treatment was tested for the performance markers such as pH, TSS, BOD and COD. Treated water met the stipulated standards prescribed by American Public Health Association with respect to all parameters studied. Though the difference in the performance of the reactors was marginal, with honeycombs a substantial reduction in the weight of the reactor can be accrued along with high mass transfer due to low pressure drop which can be attributed to the inherent higher surface to volume ratio. Further, by engineering the surface porosity of the honeycombs, it is possible reduce TSS as demonstrated in this study. These advantages offer flexibility in scaling up the reactors for larger capacities for de-centralized requirements.
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Traffic noise prediction model of an Indian Road: An increased scenario of vehicles and honking(Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(Chaitanya Thakre, Vijaya Laxmi, Ritesh Vijay, D. J. Killedar, Rakesh Kumar,,,,Year : 2020)
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Noise is considered as an underrated and underemphasized pollutant in contrast to other pollutants of the environment. Due to the non-acute response of health effects, people are not vigilant towards consequences regarding noise pollution. The expansion of the transportation industry is contributing towards the increment in the public and private vehicular volume which causes an increment in noise pollution. For evaluation of respective scenario, the research study has been conducted on one of the minor roads of Nagpur, India; for 2 years, viz., 2012 and 2019. The study concludes an increment of 5–6 dB(A) in noise level, 4–6 times in honking, and 1.7 times in traffic volume. The study confirms increment in sound pressure by 65.9% and 81.9% for the year 2012 and 2019 during morning and evening sessions, respectively. Noise prediction model has also been developed for the abovementioned years, using multiple regression analysis, considering traffic volume, honking, and speed against noise equivalent level. Honking has been further characterized into honk by light and medium category vehicles as acoustical properties of horns vary with respect to category of vehicle and introduced into the noise prediction model. Noise prediction model for 2019 has predicted the noise level in a range of ? 1.7 to + 1.4 dB (Leq) with 84% of observations in the range of ? 1 to + 1 dB (Leq), when compared with observed Leq on the field. For proper management of noise pollution, a noise prediction model is essentially needed so that the noise level can be anticipated, and accordingly, measures can be outlined and executed. This increased noise level has serious impacts on human hearing capacity and overall health. Accordingly, noise mitigation preventive measures are recommended to control traffic noise in the urban environment.
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Geospatial assessment of land surface temperature in Nagpur, India: an impact of urbanization(Environmental Earth Sciences)
(Saurabh Sakhre, Jaydip Dey,Ritesh Vijay,Rakesh Kumar,79,,226,Year : 2020)
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Temperature is one of the factors which affects the meteorological phenomenon prevailing in an urban area and ultimately leads to climate change and global warming. Measurement of surface temperature with conventional temperature sensors is tedious, has single point value and expensive. Satellite data of 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2016 are used to assess the land use land cover (LULC) and to measure the land surface temperature (LST) during the hottest month of May in Nagpur city, India. Based on the image analysis, it is observed that there is an increase in the average temperature from 40.0 to 44.6 ºC. This may be due to an increase in built-up area from 55.5 to 69.8% during 2005 to 2016, respectively. It has also been revealed that the outskirts of the city are hotter than the central portion of the city as there is more barren land on the outskirts. Results were compared to ambient temperature sensor that showed good agreement between temperature retrieved from satellite and temperature sensor. The study suggests that urban areas should be developed intermixed with vegetation and plantation and provisions of green belt along the city roads, highways and ring roads. Based on LST and LULC analysis, a green belt of 30 m along both sides of the road would lower the road temperature by 9.3 ºC from existing temperature of 44.7 ºC. This would help in lowering down the average temperature of the city.
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Geospatial assessment of urban sprawl and landslide susceptibility around the Nainital lake, Uttarakhand, India(Environment, Development and Sustainability)
(Jaydip Dey, Saurabh Sakhre, Ritesh Vijay, H. Bherwani, Rakesh Kumar ,,,,Year : 2020)
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Landslide is one of the challenges faced by mountainous regions due to natural phenomena and human activity. Nainital district in the state of Uttarakhand is one of the popular tourist spots in India. It is situated in a lesser Himalayan belt facing experiences number of landslides every year. This region comes under the Main Boundary Thrust and Main Central Thrust which are considered to be very sensitive for landslides. Landslide susceptibility mapping is a proficient tool to identify vulnerable zones for landslides. Remote sensing and geographic information system are very effective tools for collecting, analysing and interpreting land use data, and on the other hand, multi-criteria valuation (MCE) allows users for decision-making by considering various factors affecting the process of the landslide. The MCE technique was applied considering present land use/land cover, slope, drainage, lithology, geomorphology, and type of soil. Overlay analysis and land susceptibility mapping was carried out for the area around the Nainital lake. The study concludes with hot spot analysis and recommends mitigation measures like geotextiles, retaining walls and strict building by-laws for preventing landslides.
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Impact of urbanization on creeks of Mumbai, India: a geospatial assessment approach(Journal of Coastal Conservation)
(Ritesh Vijay, Jaydip Dey, Saurabh Sakhre, Rakesh Kumar ,Vol 24, (1),,1-16,Year : 2020)
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Creeks are the inherent coastline feature that connects rivers to the sea and plays an important role in the ecological processes and the material transfer. In the present study, an impact of urbanisation on the creeks of Mumbai, India namely Thane, Malad and Manori creeks, has been addressed. Multi-temporal satellite images of Landsat for the years 1972, 1994 and 2016 are considered to perform the changes in the mudflat and growth of the mangrove, as well as the changes in creeks width apart from the Land use Land cover (LULC). Object-based image analysis using multi-spectral resolution confirmed that there is an overall increase in the spatial extent of mangroves and reduction in the width of all the creeks. Mangroves around Thane creek and Manori creek have increased from 50.7 km2 to 57.6 km2 and 8.4 km2 to 25.2 km2respectively. However, there is a decrease in mangroves around Malad Creek from13.3 km2 to 9.7 km2during 1972 to 2016. The relationship between the creek geometry and LULC was also explored, and it has been revealed that the creek width has reduced due to urbanisation. Life expectancy analysis projected a further reduction in the width of the creeks for the years 2025 and 2050. The study suggests that there must be stringent bye-laws for disposal of sewage into the creeks and development activity near the creek areas. Further, upper stretches of the creeks require cleaning and dredging so that the tidal water will be approached up to the upper portion to maintain the creek ecosystem.
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Noise pollution in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR): An emerging environmental threat(Environmental Monitoring and Assessment)
(Komal Kalawapudi, Taruna Singh, Jaydip Dey, Ritesh Vijay & Rakesh Kumar,Vol. 192, Article,,152,Year : 2020)
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Noise pollution in urban areas is an emerging environmental threat which local agencies and state authorities must consider in planning and development. Excessive noise is becoming a significant problem adversely affecting the physiological and psychological health of the citizens. Present study was carried out to assess and quantitatively evaluate ambient noise levels in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) consisting of 9 cities namely Bhiwandi-Nizampur, Kalyan-Dombivli, Mira-Bhayandar, Mumbai, Navi Mumbai, Panvel, Thane, Ulhasnagar and Vasai-Virar. The noise environment was assessed on the basis of equivalent continuous sound pressure levels (Leq), day-night noise levels (LDN) and noise limit exceedance factor (NEF) during day and night time of working and non-working days in four different area categories, viz. industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones. Present study shows that silence zones have been the worst affected areas where noise pollution levels and NEF indicate excessive violation of permissible noise limits due to unplanned, congested and unruly spaces for developmental and commercial activities, followed closely by residential and commercial zones. Cities with separate industrial and commercial zones showed less noisy surroundings in comparison with those cities where land use pattern of industrial and commercial zones is around or overlapping each other. It can thus be concluded that appropriate demarcation and planned use of city space is important to avoid exposure to rising noise pollution levels. Based on the noise pollution in (MMR), various control measures are suggested including awareness campaign and strict compliance of the rules and regulations.
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Environmental Science and Remote Sensing Applications in Hydrological Studies
(Rakesh Kumar, P. R. Pujari, P Chauhan, S. P. Agarwal, S. K. Jain, S. Jain, L Elango, P R. Muduli, C Padmakar, L Deshpande, A Kapley, Ritesh ,86,1,495-501,Year : 2020)
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No information is available
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Integrating Ultrasound with Activated Carbon prepared from Mangosteen Fruit Peel Waste Material for Effective Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye(Environmental Engineering and Management Journal)
(Randeep Singh, P.V. Nidheesh, T. Sivasankar,,,,Year : 2019)
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No information is available
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Treatment of low strength wastewater using compact submerged aerobic fixed film (SAFF) reactor filled with high specific surface area synthetic media(Water Science & Technology)
(Rishi Gurjar, Akshay Shende, Girish Pophali,,,,Year : 2019)
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No information is available
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Fate of the persistent organic pollutant (POP) Hexachlorocycloheane (HCH) and reemediation challenges(International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation)
(Vartika Srivastava, Tanmay Srivastava, M. Sursh Kumar,140,,43-56,Year : 2019)
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Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are hazards to human health and exhibit harmful effects to the environment, owing to their typically lipophilic and bio-accumulative nature. Chlorinated compounds are most relevant within the classical POPs, which are both toxic and hazardous. Lindane, ‘γ’ isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), is one such organochlorine compound primarily used as a fumigant and an insecticide in agriculture. Due to its continuous use in the past decade throughout the world and severe environmental impacts in terms of toxicity and threats, there is an urgent need to develop cleaning up and remediation strategies for the lindane-contaminated sites. Being electron deficient due to its highly chlorinated nature, the degradation pathway of γ-HCH is previously thought to be generally under anaerobic condition via reductive dechlorination. But both aerobic and anaerobic degradation pathways are suggested for HCH isomers and biodegradation pathway of lindane has been completely elucidated in Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26. Many bioremediation technologies viz. biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioreactor systems have been employed so far for the treatment of HCH contaminated soil. However, the potential of these strategies has been tested at the laboratory scale and should be implemented for field-scale treatment of soil and aquatic systems contaminated with lindane and other HCH isomers. This review focuses on the fundamentals about the biodegradation and also various technologies utilized for full-scale remediation of HCH contamination in sediment and soils.
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Environmental Applications of Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes: 1. Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment
(P. V. Nidheesh, G. DivyapriyaNihal, OturanClement Trellu,Mehmet A. Oturan,,,,Year : 2019)
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Over the past few decades, environmental applications of the boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode are reported to be vast and versatile. Applications of BDD electrodes in the field of electrochemical advanced oxidation prodesses (EAOPs) for the abatement of toxic persistent organic pollutants are significant owing to the easy and effective way of treatment This article focuses on highlighting and summarizing the applications of the BDD electrode for the treatment of different synthetic and real wastewaters , such as those involved in pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides/herbicides, dyes, etc. We also review the processes and methodologies involving the synthesis of BDD electrodes and summarize the desirable characteristic features required for the application of EAOPs.
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Environmental Applications of Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes: 2. Soil Remediation and Sensing Applications( Aerosol and Air Quality Research)
(Clement Trellu, Shampa Chakraborty, P. V. Nidheesh, Mehmet A. Oturan,,,2143-2156,Year : 2019)
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No information is available
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An overview of environmental sustainability in cement and steel production(Journal of Cleaner Production
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(P.V. Nidheesh, M. Suresh Kumar,231,, 856-871,Year : 2019)
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Eco-friendly industrial production is essential to save our environment. The present article reviews the sustainability aspects for steel and cement industries, as both are highly demanding. Carbon dioxide emissions from the steel industry can be reduced effectively by carbon sequestration methods. The generation of by-products from steel can be used as raw materials in manufacturing of paints, cement fertilizers etc. The major challenge in cement production is higher input of raw material and fuel in clinker production. These problems can be rectified by adopting suitable co-processing method. Energy requirement can be reduced by using blended cement with highly efficient clinker cooler, dryer, separators, calciner, pre-calciner and waste heat recovery system.
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Pharmaceuticals and Personal care products in Aquatic Environment: Chemicals of Emerging Concern(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Waste Management and Treatment Technology)
(R. S. Dhodapkar and Kavita N Gandhi ,,,,Year : 2019)
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No information is available
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Adsorption of an emerging contaminant (primidone) onto activated carbon: kinetic, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and optimization studies( Environment Monitoring and Assessment)
(,,,,Year : 2019)
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The current study addresses the removal of an emerging environmental contaminant (primidone) in batch adsorption experiments using commercial-grade powdered activated charcoal (PAC). The experiments for the removal of primidone were performed to identify the effect of various adsorption parameters. The second-order rate expression best represented the adsorption kinetics data. The Freundlich isotherm equation was best fitted to the experimental adsorption data at equilibrium for removal of primidone using PAC. The values for change in entropy (ΔSo) were positive, which indicates that the degree of freedom of the process increases. The negative values of change in enthalpy (ΔHo) and change in Gibb’s free energy (ΔGo) indicate that the physical adsorption is a dominant phenomenon, and the process is feasible and spontaneous. The negative value of ΔHo also represented the exothermicity of the adsorption process. The Taguchi optimization technique calculated the influence of variation of different process parameters, viz., initial pH (pH0), PAC dosage (m), initial adsorbate concentration (C0), solution temperature (T), and process contact time (t), on the removal of primidone by adsorption from aqueous solution. Each of the above parameters was examined at three levels to study their effects on the adsorptive uptake of primidone using PAC (qe, mg g−1), and the optimum value necessary to maximize qe was determined. The findings from the ANOVA indicate that the PAC dose (m) is the most notable parameter contributing 62.16% to qe and a 71.96% to the signal to noise (S/N) ratio data, respectively. The confirmation experiments performed at the optimum parameter condition validated the applicability of the Taguchi design of experiments. The percent removal and adsorptive uptake at the optimal condition were 86.11% and 0.258 mg g−1, respectively.
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Role of fluoride induced epigenetic alterations in the development of skeletal fluorosis(Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. )
(,,,,Year : 2019)
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Oxidative stress is reported to negatively affect osteoblast cells. Present study reports oxidative and inflammatory signatures in fluoride-exposed human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells, and their possible association with the genes involved in osteoblastic differentiation and bone development pathways. HOS cells were challenged with sublethal concentration (8 mg/L) of sodium fluoride for 30 days and analyzed for transcriptomic expression. In total, 2632 transcripts associated with several biological processes were found to be differentially expressed. Specifically, genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, osteoblastic differentiation, and bone development pathways were found to be significantly altered. Variation in expression of key genes involved in the abovementioned pathways was validated through qPCR. Expression of serum amyloid A1 protein, a key regulator of stress and inflammatory pathways, was validated through western blot analysis. This study provides evidence that chronic oxidative and inflammatory stress may be associated with the fluoride-induced impediment in osteoblast differentiation and bone development.
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An innovative approach of urban noise monitoring using cycle in Nagpur, India(Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(Vijaya Laxmi, Jaydip Dey, Komal Kalawapudi, Ritesh Vijay & Rakesh Kumar ,26,,36812-36819,Year : 2019)
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Noise is one of the most significant sources of environmental pollution in metro cities. Traffic noise plays an important role to contribute to ambient noise pollution. Noise pollution monitoring was carried out using sound level meter mounted on the cycle with the help of mould fixed on it. Cycle is a noiseless mode of transport and therefore, it was used for noise monitoring over 700 locations in Nagpur City. Noise levels were recorded at each location for 5 min during peak rush hours of traffic in the morning and in the evening at an interval of 1 s leading to around 300 readings each. Noise indices like Leq, L90, L10, Lmax and Lmin were calculated for noise level data analysis. TNI was also determined for analysis of traffic noise on intersections of roads. Equivalent noise levels were transferred into the Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis tool was used to create spatial and strategic noise maps. Based on the maps, it is revealed that noise levels are exceeded all over the city with respect to ambient noise standards. It was experienced that intersections of roads during peak rush time are very noisy due to honking. The study recommends the noise monitoring through cycle-mounted sound level meter since it covers unapproachable sites, more coverage in the city that helps in identifying hotspot area of concern for noise abatement strategies and planning.
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Review of processes controlling Arsenic retention and release in soils and sediments of Bengal basin and suitable iron based technologies for its removal
(Komal Kalawapudi, Sudheer Salana, Ritesh Vijay ,8,,358-367,Year : 2019)
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Arsenic in the soil environment has gained renewed interest because of the emerging cognizance that arsenic poisoning is a global concern. Groundwater in the Bengal Basin is significantly polluted by naturally occurring arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid, which adversely affects human health and among the countries facing As contamination problems, India and Bangladesh are the most affected. In soils and sediments, arsenic is often associated with Fe(III) (hydr)oxides and multiple processes/reactions govern its release into groundwater, including abiotic or biotically mediated oxidation-reduction and ligand exchange reactions. Reductive dissolution of arsenic-bearing Fe(III) (hydr)oxides and As(V) reduction to As(III) are the two main mechanisms controlling arsenic partitioning in soils, sediments and groundwater. Even though arsenic reduction is favourable over a wide range of conditions, Fe(III) reduction in nature is dependent on the biotic systems. This review reflects the current state of research for the understanding of arsenic in the soil environment with an emphasis on iron based technologies for its removal. It attempts to collate all the relevant literature such that it can be a useful resource for researchers or policy makers to help recognize and explore useful treatment options.
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Analytical techniques for Isolation and characterization of PPCPs in wastewater, (Journal of Environmental Sciences & Engineering)
( Neeta Thacker,Vol: 53(4) ,,,Year : 2018)
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No information is available
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Book Chapter- Worldwide business model-environmental and financial aspects. (Submitted and accepted)(Current Developments in Biotechnology & Bioengineering: Waste Treatment Processes for Energy Generation.)
(,,,,Year : 2018)
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Waste-to-Energy is emerging as an attractive business option due to huge quantities of waste being generated today. Landfilling is now being viewed as environmentally unfavourable because it contributes to GHG emissions and also requires huge areas of land, which may not be possible in small countries or countries with high densities of population. Moreover, large fractions of waste generated have huge energy potential which might get lost if sent to landfill. Waste-to-Energy business is still in its early stages in many parts of the world and the business models are yet to be optimised for successful option. In this chapter, business models practised in various parts of the world in Waste-to-Energy business have been explored and both their financial and environmental aspects have been dealt with. The drivers of such businesses and the problems associated with them have been studied using examples of practices in various countries. One major conclusion is that there is a huge potential of revenue through energy generation from waste but most of the countries suffer from poor waste management practices and little or no incentives to establish such businesses. There exist a variety of models which can be implemented both in poor countries such as those of Africa and rich countries such as those of Europe. Government regulations, laws, incentives and support are highly important to the growth of Waste-to-Energy businesses and play a major role in choosing the right kind of business model. The best business model for a particular region should be designed considering these factors as well as the environmental impacts.
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